Mar 19, 2018 - “The process of transforming performed musical notes, which may have some imprecision due to expressive performance, to an underlying musical representation that eliminates this imprecision”. In simple terms, quantization is a production technique you can use to make your imperfect timing, perfectly in time.

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1. Why Is Quantizing So Important?
2. What Is Quantization In Music Download
3. What Is Quantization

In digitalmusic processing technology, quantization is the studio-software process of transforming performed musical notes, which may have some imprecision due to expressive performance, to an underlying musical representation that eliminates the imprecision. The process results in notes being set on beats and on exact fractions of beats.^[1]

The purpose of quantization in music processing is to provide a more beat-accurate timing of sounds.^[2] Quantization is frequently applied to a record of MIDI notes created by the use of a musical keyboard or drum machine. Additionally, the phrase 'pitch quantization' can refer to pitch correction used in audio production, such as using Auto-Tune.

Why Is Quantizing So Important?

Description[edit]

A frequent application of quantization in this context lies within MIDI application software or hardware. MIDI sequencers typically include quantization in their manifest of edit commands. In this case, the dimensions of this timing grid are set beforehand. When one instructs the music application to quantize a certain group of MIDI notes in a song, the program moves each note to the closest point on the timing grid. Quantization in MIDI is usually applied to Note On messages and sometimes Note Off messages; some digital audio workstations shift the entire note by moving both messages together. Sometimes quantization is applied in terms of a percentage, to partially align the notes to a certain beat. Using a percentage of quantization allows for the subtle preservation of some natural human timing nuances.

The most difficult problem in quantization is determining which rhythmic fluctuations are imprecise or expressive (and should be removed by the quantization process) and which should be represented in the output score. For instance, a simple children's song should probably have very coarse quantization, resulting in few different notes in output. On the other hand, quantizing a performance of a piano piece by Arnold Schoenberg, for instance, should result in many smaller notes, tuplets, etc.

In recent years audio quantization has come into play, with the plug-in Beat Detective on all versions of Pro Tools being used regularly on modern-day records to tighten the playing of drums, guitar, bass, etc.^[3]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^Childs, G.W., IV (March 7, 2018). 'A Music Producer's Guide to Quantizing MIDI'. Ask.Audio. Retrieved April 26, 2019.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
2. ^'Quantization'. Mediacollege.com. Quantization can also refer to the process of correcting the timing of a musical performance. The music track is analysed and stretched in time so that beats are evenly distributed, eliminating timing errors. Some manufacturers refer to quantizing features as autocorrect.
3. ^Simon Price (August 2003). 'Pro Tools: Using Beat Detective'.

What Is Quantization In Music Download

What Is Quantization

The most common tool used to generate MIDI messages is an electronic keyboard. These messages may be routed to a digital synthesizer inside the keyboard, or they may be patched to some other MIDI instrument, like your computer.
When a key is pressed the keyboard creates a 'note on' message. This message consists of two pieces of information: which key was pressed (called 'note') and how fast it was pressed (called 'velocity').
'Note' describes the pitch of the pressed key with a value between 0 and 127. I've copied the table in fig 2 from NYU's website, it lists all the MIDI notes and their standard musical notation equivalents. You can see that MIDI note 60 is middle C (C4).
'Velocity' is a number between 0 and 127 that is usually used to describe the volume (gain) of a MIDI note (higher velocity = louder). Sometimes different velocities also create different timbres in an instrument; for example, a MIDI flute may sound more frictional at a higher velocity (as if someone was blowing into it strongly), and more sinusoidal/cleaner sounding at lower velocities. Higher velocity may also shorten the attack of a MIDI instrument. Attack is a measurement of how long it takes for a sound to go from zero to maximum loudness. For example, a violin playing quick, staccato notes has a must faster attack than longer, sustained notes.
something to remember- not all keyboards are velocity sensitive, if you hear no difference in the sound produced by a keyboard no matter how hard you hit the keys, then you are not sending variable velocity information from that instrument. Computer keyboards are not velocity sensitive, if you are using your computer's keys to play notes into a software sequencer, all the notes will have the same velocity.
When a key is released the keyboard creates another MIDI message, a 'note off' message. These messages also contain 'note' information to ensure that it is signalling the end of the right MIDI note. This way if you are pressing two keys at once and release once of them, the note off message will not signal the end of both notes, only the one you've released. Sometimes note off messages will also contain velocity information based on how quickly you've released the key. This may tell a MIDI instrument something about how quickly it should dampen the note.
Figure 1 shows how these MIDI messages are typically represented in MIDI sequencing software environments (in this case GarageBand). Each of the notes in the sequence are started by a note on message and ended with a note off message. In GarageBand the velocity attached to the note on message is represented by the color of the note. In this image above the high velocity notes are white and the lower velocity notes are grey.
Figs 3 and 4 show MIDI notes recorded in Ableton. Again you can see that the velocity associated with the note on message is represented by the color of the MIDI note- more saturated = higher velocity. Also notice that the velocity is indicated by a line with a circle on top on the bottom of the screen. By selecting one of your MIDI notes you can see the velocity associated with it; in fig 4 the D4 note has a velocity of 57.